Synesthesia provides for a richer world of experience than normal. Thus, synesthesia may lead to additional retrieval cues and, as a consequence, to an advantage in memory tasks. One major question is to fi nd out under what particular circumstances syn- esthetes might show a memory performance advantage. Another question is what exactly causes the potential memory advantage. In this chapter, we will present a review of the available empirical findings. The focus is mainly on grapheme-color synesthesia because most of the studies have addressed this form of synesthesia.